Everyone knows that outer space is dark but do you know the reason why it looks black or dark? When we look at the infinite sky above, it appears blue to us, but to the astronauts, the sky doesn't appear blue but black. It is true that at night we see only the black sky, but still, space remains dark even during the day. If there are so many stars, planets, and suns in space, why does it appear so dark?
Actually, whatever we see is seen according to our capabilities that what our eyes can see. But it doesn't mean what we can see only that much exists in the universe. So scientists have found that because the whole universe is expanding most of the galaxies are moving away from one another. In this process, many infrared waves, microwaves, and radio waves come toward us, but our eyes cannot detect them. Now because all these waves are undetectable by our eyes, we see space as dark.
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Since these waves are not visible to us then what will we see, what does a blind person see in the world, of course, darkness? Similarly, at the level of the universe, we are blind because there are many things or waves that the eyes cannot detect because nature has not made the eyes that way. So this could be the reason why space is black due to our eyes' undetectable ability.
For example, infrared cameras or other such devices can detect gamma rays and other types of cosmic-level things. Infrared energy can also uncover objects in the universe that cannot be detected through visible light using optical telescopes. If you point these equipments toward the sky, you will find the whole sky filled with many strange colors. But all that is not visible to our naked eyes. That's why space looks black and on the other hand, the Earth's atmosphere scatters blue and violet waves of light in all directions. Due to the presence of small particles (e.g. ice crystals, dust, atmospheric particulates) in the atmosphere, blue among the seven colors becomes scattered in every direction, causing optical phenomena such as the blue color of the sky.
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Therefore, we see the sky blue during the day. But space is a nearly perfect vacuum and has no atmosphere, meaning it has exceedingly few particles. So nothing can scatter light to our eyes, such as blue or any other color. Therefore, the light travels a straight line without scattering and all the colors stay together. So this is also a reason for space appearing black because if there is a vacuum, none of the wavelengths will be scattered to create any optical phenomena.
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