Who Invented the Calendar? How Was the Calendar Created? | Calendar Origin and History

We all use calendars, but do you know who invented this calendar and how? Long ago, when there were no calendars, people used to work on the basis of their experience. They considered the time between two nights to be a day and a year was tracked by the position of the stars. Their experiences were usually based on various natural events, that is, rain, winter, summer, autumn were indications of doing different things. Religious events, agricultural work, and social festivals were also based on these but it would have been difficult to divide the time properly on the basis of these.

Then later Mesopotamia and Romans used the Lunar calendar, the Romans named the first day of their calendar as Kalends, which later became the calendar. In Latin, the meaning of 'kalends' was believed to be the day of calculation. The calculation of days, months, and years on the same basis is called 'Calendar'. They also named the months of their calendar after gods and goddesses, such as Martius, Aprilis, and Maius, etc. 

But later with some more research, in 46 bc, King Julius Caesar invented the Julian calendar, but that too was not accurate. According to the Julian calendar, there were 10 months in a year and Christmas did not come on a fixed day. Then in 1582 Pope Gregory XIII created the Gregorian calendar which we use today. He introduced this Gregorian calendar to track Easter day, but non-Catholic people did not want to adopt this calendar, but still today we are following this calendar. In this calendar, January is the first month of the year and the year ends in December after the passing of Christmas. Also, this calendar fixed Christmas on 25 December every year.

The new year that we celebrate from January 01 is actually the new year of the Gregorian calendar. Apart from this, many other calendars are also in trend, but because of the Gregorian calendar, the new year is celebrated across the world. Each calendar is based on the calculation of the sun cycle or moon cycle, the calendar based on the sun cycle has 365 days while the calendar based on the moon cycle has 354 days. The Gregorian calendar is based on the Sun cycle and there is no equal number of days in every month, such as 4 months have 30, 6 months have 31 and 1 month has 28 days. Leap year comes after 4 years in which February becomes 29 days instead of 28.